What virus can remain dormant for years before developing into AIDS?

The virus that can remain dormant for years before developing into AIDS is the Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV). HIV is a retrovirus that attacks the immune system, specifically targeting CD4 T cells, which are crucial for a healthy immune response. After the initial infection, which may present flu-like symptoms, the virus can enter a latent stage where it remains inactive for many years. During this time, an individual may not show any symptoms and can appear healthy, but the virus is still present in the body and can gradually weaken the immune system.

As HIV progresses, it can lead to Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome (AIDS), which is diagnosed when the immune system is severely compromised, either due to a significant reduction in CD4 cell count or the occurrence of opportunistic infections. This protracted period between infection and the development of AIDS underscores the importance of regular testing and monitoring for individuals at risk, as early detection and treatment can help manage the virus and prolong health.

The other viruses listed do not exhibit the same latency in the context of progressing to something like AIDS. For example, Hepatitis B can cause chronic infection, but its progression differs from that of HIV. Herpes Simplex Virus typically causes recurrent outbreaks rather than a